truant

英语

词源

源自中古英语 truant、truand、trewande、trowant（平行于中古荷兰语 trouwant、trawant、truwant），源自古法语 truand、truant (“流浪汉，乞丐；乞丐一样的”)，源自凯尔特语族，可能源自高卢语 *trugan，或源自布列塔尼语 truan (“悲惨的”)，源自原始凯尔特语 *térh₁-tro-m，最终源自原始印欧语 *terh₁-。

同源词有苏格兰盖尔语 truaghan、爱尔兰语 trogha (“贫困的”)、trogán、布列塔尼语 truc (“乞丐”)、威尔士语 tru。

发音

• 韵部：-ʊənt
• 国际音标^(帮助)：/ˈtɹʊənt/, /ˈtɹuː.ənt/

• （英国南部）音频：

  (档案)

形容词

truant (无比较级)

1. 旷课的，翘课的

   He didn't graduate because he was chronically truant and didn't have enough attendances to meet the requirement.

   因为他习惯性地翘课导致出席时间达不到要求，所以他没能毕业。

2. 旷工的；无所事事的，懒散的
   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet
   • 1772, John Trumbull, The Owl and the Sparrow，页号 149:

     While truant Jove, in infant pride, / Play'd barefoot on Olympus' side.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • Template:RQ:Dryden Georgics
   • Template:RQ:Thackeray Pendennis
   • 1910, Emerson Hough, 章号 I, 出自 The Purchase Price: Or The Cause of Compromise, Indianapolis, Ind.: The Bobbs-Merrill Company, →OCLC:

     Serene, smiling, enigmatic, she faced him with no fear whatever showing in her dark eyes. […] She put back a truant curl from her forehead where it had sought egress to the world, and looked him full in the face now, drawing a deep breath which caused the round of her bosom to lift the lace at her throat.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

衍生词汇

• truant officer

名词

truant (复数 truants)

1. 旷工者；（尤指）旷课者

衍生词汇

• play truant

动词

truant (第三人称单数简单现在时 truants，现在分词 truanting，一般过去时及过去分词 truanted)

1. (不及物) 旷课

   the number of schoolchildren known to have truanted

   有旷课记录的学生数量

2. (及物) 浪费，无所事事地度过
   • Template:RQ:John Ford Fancies
3. 虚度光阴
   • c. 1594, William Shakespeare, “The Comedie of Errors”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版于 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene ii]:

     Tis double vvrong , to truant vvith your bed

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • Template:RQ:Lowell Among My Books2

     By this means they lost their time and truanted on the fundamental grounds of saving knowledge.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

异序词

• traunt