John A. Haslem (April 23, 2007) Webster's New Pocket Style Guide (Custom), John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, ISBN9780470177846, 页286 / 352: “EMF or emf, electromotive force”
The Chicago Manual of Style, University of Chicago Press, 2003, ISBN9780226104034, 页582: “emf electromotive force”
CBE Style Manual Committee (1983) CBE Style Manual: A Guide for Authors, Editors, and Publishers in the Biological Sciences, 5版, Council of Biology Editors, ISBN9780914340041, 页247 / 324: “emf: electromotive force”